A cognitive disorder characterised by abnormal behaviour and an inability to comprehend reality.

Common features include:

• Delusions and Hallucinations
• Disorganised Speech and Behaviour
• Psychosis

Tips for management:

• Obtain history from family if required
• Allow patient time to respond
• Explain and pre-warn patient before doing anything
• Treat with dignity and respect
• Limit stimuli
• Do not dispute or actively support delusions
• Avoid whispering or talking about patient when near them as it may worsen paranoia